Acute Toxicity of Monocrotophos on Histological Alterations in the Anomuran Crab, Emerita asiatica (H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51983/ajeat-2022.11.2.3382Keywords:
Emerita asiatica, Food Chain, Monocrotophos, Marine Ecosystem, ToxicityAbstract
This study characterized the acute toxicity of Monocrotophos on histological alterations in the different organs like gills, Hepatopancreas and ovary of Anomuran Crab, Emerita asiatica. Though Emerita asiatica is not a commercially viable crab, but it plays a vital role in the coastal environment to maintain a stable marine ecosystem. Several steps and precautions measures should be taken to consume these members of the marine food chain to have aunwavering ecosystem and also to protect this species from extinction. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Monocrotophos which has been legally banned in India is justified. It has been proved by several workers and has been conformed in present investigation that use of this organophosphate causes serious damage to the vital organ of sand crabs gill, hepatopancreas and ovary. The utilization of Monocrotophos should be minimized in the agricultural field area near to the coastal ecosystem.
References
Agriculture, The Economist, "The promise of a blue revolution," Aug. 7, 2003. [Online]. Available: http://www.economist.com/node/1974103.
B. M. Alazemi, J. W. Lewis, and E. B. Andrews, "Gill damage in the freshwater fish Gnathonemus ptersii (Family: Mormyridae) exposed to selected pollutants: an ultra-structural study," Environ. Technol., vol. 17, pp. 225-238, 1996.
P. S. Bhavan and P. Geraldine, "Histopathology of the hepatopancreas and gills of the prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii exposed to endosulfan," Aquatic toxicology, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 331-339, 2000.
N. Bodhipaksha and B. A. Weeks Perkins, "The effects of methyl parathion on phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) phagocytosis," in Stolen, J.S., Fletcher, T.C. (Eds.), Modulators of Fish Immune Responses, Models for Environmental Toxicology Biomarkers Immunostimulators, SOS Publication, Fair Haven, N.J., vol. 1, pp. 11-12, 1994.
W. A. Boeger et al., "Histopathology of the mangrove land crab Ucides cordatus (Ocypodidae) affected by lethargic crab disease," Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol. 78, no. 1, pp. 73-81, 2007.
T. Caceci et al., "Ultrastructure of the hepatopancreas of the pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (Crustacea: Decapoda)," J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, vol. 68, pp. 323-337, 1988.
E. Cardoso et al., "Morphological changes in the gills of Lophiosilurus alexandri exposed to unionized ammonia," J. Fish Biol., vol. 49, pp. 778-787, 1996.
B. K. Das and S. C. Mukherjee, "Histopathological study of carp (Labeo rohita) exposed to hexachlorocyclohexane," Veterinarski Arhiv., vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 169-180, 2000.
L. Ezzi et al., "Histopathological and genotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos in rats," Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 4859-4867, 2016.
V. Gunamalai, R. Kirubagaran, and T. Subramoniam, "Hormonal coordination of molting and female reproduction by ecdysteroids in the mole crab Emerita asiatica (Milne Edwards)," General and Comparative Endocrinology, vol. 138, no. 2, pp. 128-138, 2004.
P. Krishnamoorthy and P. Subramanian, "Effect of sub lethal doses of copper on the hepatopancreas of the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium lamerre lamerrei (H.M. Edwards)," Geobios, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 16-18, 1996.
S. B. Manjula et al., "Population Density of Emerita asiatica (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) in relation to Salinity in the Kovalam Beach, East Coast, Kanchipuram District of Tamil Nadu, India," Journal of Modern Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 55-60, 2014.
U. S. L. Mahadeva Rao et al., "Impact of Sand organic carbon and climatic changes on the population density and morphometric characters of Emerita asiatica in the East Coast of Southern India," Indian Journal of Biophysics & Biochemistry, vol. 56, pp. 240-244, 2019.
A. Maharajan et al., "Sublethal effect of copper toxicity against histopathological changes in the spiny lobster, Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758)," Biol. Trace Elem. Res., vol. 145, pp. 201-210, 2012.
A. Maharajan et al., "Sublethal effect of profenofos on oxygen consumption and gill histopathology of the Indian major carp, Catla catla (hamilton)," Int. J. Pure Appl. Zool., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 196-204, 2013.
H. Parikh et al., "Effect of Dimethoate on some histoarchitecture of freshwater fish, Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852)," Bioscan, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 55-58, 2010.
S. F. Rakhi et al., "Alterations in histopathological features and brain acetylcholine esterase activity in stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis exposed to polluted river water," Int. Aqua. Res., vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 1-18, 2013.
C. Richmonds and H. M. Dutta, "Histopathological changes induced by malathion in the gills of bluegill Lepomis macrochirus," Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., vol. 43, pp. 123-130, 1989.
P. Saravana Bhavan and P. Geraldine, "Histopathology of the hepatopancreas and gills of the prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii exposed to endosulfan," Aquat. Toxicol., vol. 50, pp. 331-339, 2000.
J. Sivakumar, "Breeding biology and the population dynamics of the anomuran crab, Emerita asiatica (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) in the Kovalam Beach, East Coast, Kanchipuram District of Tamil Nadu, India," Ph. D., Thesis, University of Madras, 2014.
J. Sivakumar et al., "Population Density of Emerita asiatica (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) in Relation to Oxygen Demand in the Kovalam Beach, East Coast, Kanchipuram District of Tamil Nadu, India," Journal of Modern Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 30-34, 2014.
J. Sivakumar et al., "Effect of temperature on the population of Emerita asiatica (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) in the Kovalam Beach, East Coast, Tamil Nadu, India," Indian J. Pharm. Biol. Res., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 22-26, 2014.
B. Seethalakshmi et al., "Population Density of Emerita asiatica (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) in relation to Carbonates and Bicarbonates in the Kovalam Beach, East Coast, Kanchipuram District of Tamil Nadu, India," Journal of Modern Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 42-47, 2014.
T. Subramoniam, "Some aspects of reproductive ecology of a mole crab Emerita asiatica Milne Edwards," Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 259-268, 1979.
A. A. G. Tehrani et al., "Effect of carbamates pesticides on instar I-II larvae and adult Artemia urmiana," Ann. Biol. Res., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 515-525, 2011.
S. Viswanathan and M. K. Manisseri, "Histopathological studies on zinc toxicity in Penaeus indicus H. Milne Edwards," in Rengarajan, K. (Ed.), In: Mariculture Research Under the Postgraduate Programme in Mariculture Part-6, CMFRI, Cochin, India, vol. 61, pp. 25-29, 1995.
A. M. Wenner and S. R. Haley, "On the question of sex reversal in mole crabs (Crustacea, Hippidae)," Journal of Crustacean Biology, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 506-517, 1981.
A. Yogamoorthi and G. Srikala, "Evaluation of methanol extracts of mole crab Emerita asiatica for its pathological properties using mouse assay," Journal of Environmental Biology, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 147-151, 2006.
T. Zin et al., "In Silico Analysis of the Phenylephrine from the Sand Crab (Emerita asiatica) for its Antimicrobial Activities," Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 2145-2152, 2019.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 The Research Publication
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.